Dose–Effect Map
More is not better; the right dose gives the right effect. Application rates for our products on one page, by product phase: biochar, pyroligneous acid and wood tar.
Each row gives a rate, an effect and a level.
Each product's rows show the application rate, the effect it targets and the level of that effect. The coloured bar and the tag of a row mark the same level: green for nutrition and growth (plant growth, soil improvement, pH control, feed additives), amber for protection (against diseases and pests, disinfection, wound care, skin treatment in livestock and surface protection) and red for herbicide. Doses in the herbicide window can damage the crop.
For liquid products, rates are mostly dilutions in water (such as 1:300); for products added to compost or fertiliser, the share in the mix is given. Biochar doses are given in kilograms per decare (1 da = 1,000 m²) for field crops and per tree or per m² for orchards, greenhouses and landscaping, and feed additives as a share of the daily ration or per litre of drinking water.
Each product heading leads to the Dose–Effect tab of its product page, which also holds the product's application protocol, warnings and safety information.
Doses are general guidance and can vary with soil type, crop and irrigation conditions. Consult our technical team before applying them.
Three maps, one for each product phase.
Biochar
Solid phase. Soil improvement rates per decare by crop group; Carbon Fertilizer and KARBOVITAL feed additive rates.
Pyroligneous Acid
Liquid phase. Dilution rates for plant growth and nutrition, pH control, drinking-water additive and disinfection; protection and herbicide windows.
Wood Tar
Heavy fraction. Neat or diluted application for grafting and pruning wounds, wood and metal surfaces and skin care in livestock.
Biochar: per decare, tree or m² in the soil, as a ration share in feed.
Biochar
The amount, application depth, timing and reapplication interval depend on the crop group.
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Field cropsCorn, wheat, cotton, etc. · during soil preparation before sowingSoil improvement | 200 – 300 kg/da | Every 3–5 years | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| VegetablesTomato, pepper, cucumber, etc. · before transplanting seedlingsSoil improvement | 250 – 350 kg/da | Every 2–3 years | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Fruit treesApple, peach, citrus, etc. · before planting and in early springSoil improvement | 300 – 500 kg/da | Every 4–6 years | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| VinesGrapes, kiwi, etc. · before planting and in early springSoil improvement | 250 – 400 kg/da | Every 3–5 years | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Ornamental plants and flowersBefore planting or repottingSoil improvement | 150 – 250 kg/da | Every 2–3 years | Manufacturer's recommendation |
Recommended application methods
| Crop group | Amount (kg/da) | Depth (cm) | Timing | Reapplication interval |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Field crops (corn, wheat, cotton, etc.) | 200–300 | 10–15 | During soil preparation before sowing | Every 3–5 years |
| Vegetables (tomato, pepper, cucumber, etc.) | 250–350 | 10–20 | Before transplanting seedlings | Every 2–3 years |
| Fruit trees (apple, peach, citrus, etc.) | 300–500 | 20–30 | Before planting and in early spring | Every 4–6 years |
| Vines (grapes, kiwi, etc.) | 250–400 | 15–25 | Before planting and in early spring | Every 3–5 years |
| Ornamental plants and flowers | 150–250 | 5–15 | Before planting or repotting | Every 2–3 years |
These rates are general recommendations, not a licensed label or an agronomist's prescription. Consult our technical team about your soil and try them on a small plot first.
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Field cropsMixed into the soil before sowingSoil improvement | 100 – 200 kg/da | — | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Gardens and fruit treesPer seedling or tree · into the planting hole or under the canopy of existing treesSoil improvement | 1 – 5 kg / tree | — | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Greenhouses and home gardensMixed into the soilSoil improvement | 0.5 – 1 kg/m² | — | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Lawns and landscapingApplied during soil preparationSoil improvement | 0.5 kg/m² | — | Manufacturer's recommendation |
These rates are general recommendations, not a licensed label or an agronomist's prescription. 1 decare (da) = 1,000 m². Consult our technical team about your soil and try them on a small plot first.
KARBOVITAL Carbon Feed Additive
Rates are given per animal group, as a percentage of the daily feed ration.
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Large ruminantsCattle, buffalo · added to the feed rationFeed additive | 0.5% – 1% | Daily | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Small ruminantsSheep, goats · added to the feed rationFeed additive | 0.5% | Daily | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| PoultryChickens, turkeys · added to the feed rationFeed additive | 0.2% – 0.5% | Daily | Manufacturer's recommendation |
These rates are general recommendations and do not replace a veterinarian's or feed specialist's ration advice.
Pyroligneous acid: a dilution rate for every use.
Pyroligneous Acid
Rates are dilutions of the product in water: 1:300 means one part pyroligneous acid diluted with at least 300 parts water. Apply through the irrigation system or as a foliar spray; the product can also be injected directly into the irrigation system.
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flowers and ornamentalsIrrigation system or foliar sprayNutrition | 1:500 (≈ 0.2%) | Every two weeks | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Vegetables, leafy greens, field crops and fruit treesIrrigation system or foliar sprayNutrition | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every 2–3 weeks | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| In case of diseasePowdery mildew, downy mildew, leaf spot, root rot, wilt · same rateProtection | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every 2–3 weeks | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Fungal suppressionFusarium and root rot · 65–85% effectProtection | 0.8 – 1.0 L / 100 L | — | — |
| Acaricidal effectRed spider miteProtection | 1:20 | — | — |
| Herbicidal effectWeeds and broomrape (Orobanche)Herbicide | 1:2 – 1:1 | — | — |
Recommended application methods
| Crop group | Rate | Timing | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato, pepper, cucumber, squash, aubergine, etc. | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every two weeks | Irrigation system, foliar spray |
| Herbs, mint, parsley, spinach, lettuce, etc. | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every three weeks | Irrigation system, foliar spray |
| Maize, sugar cane, soybean, rice, wheat, beet, etc. | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every three weeks | Irrigation system, foliar spray |
| Fruit trees | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every two weeks | Irrigation system, foliar spray |
| Flowers, ornamentals, etc. | 1:500 (≈ 0.2%) | Every two weeks | Irrigation system, foliar spray |
Recommended application in case of disease
| Crop group | Disease | Rate | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato, pepper, cucumber, squash, aubergine, etc. | Powdery mildew, downy mildew, leaf spot, wilt, etc. | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every two weeks |
| Herbs, mint, parsley, spinach, lettuce, etc. | Downy mildew, root rot, leaf spots, etc. | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every three weeks |
| Maize, sugar cane, soybean, rice, wheat, beet, etc. | Root rot, leaf blight, downy mildew, etc. | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every three weeks |
| Fruit trees | Powdery mildew, scab, leaf curl, blight | 1:300 (≈ 0.33%) | Every two weeks |
| Flowers, ornamentals, etc. | Powdery mildew, black spot, rust, etc. | 1:500 (≈ 0.2%) | Every two weeks |
Doses in the herbicide window can damage the crop. Consult our technical team before application.
Plant Growth Regulator
Because pyroligneous acid contains naturally occurring but potent compounds, the amount used and the dilution rate are crucial. Low doses have a stimulating effect, while high doses may have a suppressive effect; controlled application is therefore strongly recommended.
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foliar application1 L product + 300 L water · sprayed in the cool hours of morning or eveningGrowth | 1:300 | Every 15–20 days | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Soil applicationVia drip irrigation · particularly effective at seedling planting and before floweringGrowth | 1:500 | — | Manufacturer's recommendation |
Use lower doses during the flowering stage.
NUTRIWOOD
Can be applied at the start of the vegetative stage and during the growth period at 15–20 day intervals.
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foliar applicationDiluted with water and sprayedNutrition | 1:200 – 1:300 | Every 15–20 days | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Soil applicationAdded to the irrigation systemNutrition | 1:100 – 1:200 | Every 15–20 days | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Fertiliser additiveMixed into compost or fertiliserNutrition | 1 – 2% | — | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Soil applicationApplied to soil before planting or during growth stagespH control | 1:200 | Every 15–20 days | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Foliar applicationSprayed onto plant leavespH control | 1:500 | Every 20–30 days as needed | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Water culture and hydroponicsAdded to the nutrient solution; pH levels should be monitoredpH control | 1:1000 | — | Manufacturer's recommendation |
Phenolic Feed Additive
Wood vinegar is added to the animals' drinking water. Doses are per 1 litre of water.
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Large livestockCattle, buffalo · in drinking waterNutrition | 1 – 2 mL / L water | Daily, or 5 days on and 2 days off | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Small livestockSheep, goats · in drinking waterNutrition | 0.5 – 1 mL / L water | Daily, or 5 days on and 2 days off | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| PoultryChickens, turkeys · in drinking waterNutrition | 0.2 – 0.5 mL / L water | Daily, or 5 days on and 2 days off | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| General disinfection1 litre of product mixed with 100 litres of water (≈ 1%)Disinfection | 1:100 | Daily or weekly as needed | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Heavily soiled and contaminated areas1 litre of product mixed with 50 litres of water (≈ 2%)Disinfection | 1:50 | Daily or weekly as needed | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spraying the wound areaProtection | From 15–20 cm | 2–3 times a day, or as often as your veterinarian recommends | Manufacturer's recommendation |
Rates for plant applications are a starting point; they do not replace a licensed plant-protection label or an agronomist's prescription. The composition of pyroligneous acid varies with the feedstock and production conditions, so run a plant-compatibility test on a small plot before treating the whole area. Warnings on overdosing, alkaline chemicals, storing the diluted product and storage conditions are in the Pyroligneous Acid › Application Protocol tab.
Wood tar: neat or diluted, depending on the field of use.
Wood Tar
Recommended application methods, by field of use.
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural · graft and pruning woundsBrush or spatulaProtection | Neat | After pruning and grafting | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Animal · open woundsApplied directly to the woundProtection | Neat or ointment | Until the wounds heal | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Industrial · wood, metal, marineBrush, spray, dippingProtection | Neat · 10–20% solvent | Once a year or as needed | Manufacturer's recommendation |
Recommended application methods
| Field of use | Agricultural | Animal | Industrial |
|---|---|---|---|
| Applications | Sealing graft and pruning wounds | Treating open wounds in animals | Wood and metal protection, marine applications |
| Form and rate | Used neat | Neat or as an ointment | Neat or diluted with 10–20% solvent |
| Method | Brush or spatula | Applied directly to the wound | Brush, spray, dipping |
| Frequency | After pruning and grafting | Until the wounds heal | Once a year or as needed |
Consult a veterinarian before applying directly to open wounds in animals. Product-specific rates and frequencies are on each product page.
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wood surfacesFences, barns, vineyard houses, farm structuresProtection | Neat | Every 2–3 years | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Metal surfacesTanks, profiles, farm machineryProtection | Neat | Annual inspection | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| DilutionCan be diluted with solvent if necessaryProtection | 10–15% solvent | — | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wooden surfacesDepending on absorbency · at least 24 hours between coatsProtection | 1–2 coats | — | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grafting siteImmediately after graftingProtection | Neat · thin layer | Usually a single application | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Pruning cutAfter pruning, by brush or spatulaProtection | Neat | Usually a single application | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| Application | Rate | Frequency | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| For treatmentPositive results in 7–10 days depending on the conditionTreatment | Thin layer | Once daily for 3–5 days | Manufacturer's recommendation |
| For preventionProtection | Thin layer | Once a week or as needed | Manufacturer's recommendation |
Which animals is it for?
| Animal group | Use |
|---|---|
| Cattle and buffalo | Teat cracks, hoof and foot fungal infections, fly-related wounds and irritations in summer |
| Sheep and goats | Foot rot, lameness and fungal infections developing in moist areas |
| Equines (horses, donkeys) | Cracks around hooves and knees, fly bites |
| Pets | Paw cracks or localised eczema in dogs (on a veterinarian’s advice) |
For pets, use only in limited amounts and under veterinary supervision.
Test the right dose in the field.
Request a sample or find your nearest authorised dealer.